The reasons for the drying out of the well. Methods for resuscitation of the source, work to restore the functioning of the krinitsa. Drying out the well is a big nuisance for the owners of suburban areas, especially if there are no other sources nearby. To solve the problem, it is necessary to find the reason for the devastation of the krynitsa. How to reanimate a well, we'll talk in our article.
The main reasons for the drying out of the well
The height of the water column in the well is constantly changing, albeit in a small range. The flow volume increases and decreases under the influence of external and internal factors. Even if professionals dug the krynitsa, it is possible that the source will dry out under the influence of natural forces.
Therefore, remember the water level in the mine, at which you have no problems with the water supply. In the well, it is easy to control it using concrete rings. It is also recommended to know the rate of fluid collection and pumping. They will be needed when such troubles appear: the water pressure in the system has dropped and does not recover for a long time; the volume of fluid in the mine has seriously decreased; the pressure in the pipes has dropped, but the level in the well has not changed.
When problems with water supply arise, the owners often panic and do not know what to do if the water has left the well. First of all, compare the actual level with the previous one. If it has not changed, the troubles are most likely associated with incorrect operation of the equipment for pumping water (pump, accumulator, valves) or with pipes that can become clogged. The operability of the system is restored by repairing equipment or cleaning the highway.
It is much worse when there is less water in the mine than it used to be. There are many reasons for the poor filling of the well:
- Wrong location … This version can be verified by indirect methods: on a summer morning, the thickest fog is in the place where moisture is closest to the surface; moisture-loving plants grow in large numbers in an area where they can easily reach the underground water layer; Long-rooted trees (such as pine) often grow over deep underground water layers that are difficult to reach; the grass is always juicy and thick in places where there is a lot of moisture nearby.
- Seasonal water reduction … This is the most common reason a well runs dry. The trouble usually occurs during the hot season and at the end of winter. In the first case, the liquid evaporates in large quantities, and is replenished weakly, and in the second - due to freezing of the soil and the formation of an ice crust on the surface, which does not allow moisture to penetrate underground. In the middle of spring and autumn, the water returns, and its level will be maximum. This is due to melting snow and heavy rains that fill the underground layers. Their volume increases, and the liquid enters the bottom. The seasonal devastation of the source is due to the fact that a well was dug during the period of rains or melting snow, and the water that appeared was taken as a constant flow. After a very short period of time, the useful layer moves down, and the well dries up.
- Silting up the source … The dirt covers the vein with a thick layer and blocks the path of fluid entering the mine. The cause may be the collapse of the walls. To restore the flow of water, it is enough to remove the dirt from the bottom.
- Depressurization of joints between barrel elements … Cracks can appear after poor-quality compaction or due to frost heaving. In the latter case, the barrel rings are displaced, which leads to the formation of gaps. After long-term operation in the well, for natural reasons, the sealing elements fail, as a result of which the liquid flows out through the gaps into the gap between the rings and the ground. The rate of decrease in the level depends on the density of the soil behind the rings. Most often, the problem occurs in the spring, when a large amount of flood water erodes the soil. It is difficult to establish a leak through the gaps. To do this, you will have to completely drain the well and carefully examine the lower part of the trunk.
- The presence of quicksand under the krynitsa … A quicksand is called a layer of loose soil very highly saturated with water. This mass is capable of drifting underground. It can approach the well and clog veins. The appearance of quicksand is difficult to fix, therefore, in this case, it is very difficult to determine the cause of the drying out of the source.
- Digging a deeper well in an adjacent section that draws water from the same layer as yours … Therefore, ask if anyone has built a mine near your allotment. Often the reason for the drying out of the well is an artificial pond, which is filled from underground sources. In this case, the liquid disappears from all neighbors. This means that the aquifer has sunk to a great depth, and the situation can be corrected only by deepening the bottom. The process will require a lot of labor and financial investment, so do not rush to start repair work. If the well is dry, wait 1 month, during which the underground layer is saturated with moisture, and the water can return.
- The source is located in an area that contributes to the disappearance of water … These areas include hills, hills, quarries, swamp, river, etc. Often, a problem object may be located several hundred meters away from your property. Plantings of beech and acacia, which absorb large quantities of liquid, can also be involved in shallowing.
Methods for restoring wells
After identifying the reasons for the shallowing, methods for recovering the source are determined. Information on what to do on a case-by-case basis is given below.
Construction of a new well
If water leaves the well due to a lowering of the water level, then the problem is solved by deepening the old well or digging out a new one. Good reasons are required to decide on new construction. Revision the source and inspect its underground part.
A new well is built in such cases:
- Wooden elements rotted and skewed relative to each other by more than 5 cm. It is dangerous to carry out deepening due to the high probability of the mine collapse and injury to the master. A collapse can also damage the foundations and walls of nearby buildings.
- If quicksand is found.
- With large seasonal fluctuations in water.
- It is not recommended to rebuild very old wells due to the low strength of the elements.
- There are doubts about the quality of water in the new layer.
- The next aquifer is too deep.
Features of deepening the krinitsa
It is recommended to deepen the source in such cases:
- If the well is newly built and in good condition.
- There is no free space on the site.
- The quality of moisture in it complies with sanitary standards.
- The mine has a depth of at least 8-10 rings.
- There is no room for a new well on the site.
- If the water disappeared or its level dropped due to the fact that neighbors dug a deeper well.
- The well is well equipped: pipes are connected to it, a pump is installed, an electrical network for the equipment is installed.
- Well relocation will require significant financial costs.
- The expected deepening does not exceed 15 m, but in most cases 5 m is sufficient.
To carry out the filter recess, you need a pipe with a diameter of 500 mm, in the bottom of which holes are drilled for filtering water.
Perform the following operations:
- Wrap the perforated part with a fine-mesh stainless steel mesh and secure it in this position in any way.
- Place the pipe on the bottom in the center of the well and fix in an upright position.
- With the help of a thief, select the soil from it and gradually lower it to the aquifer.
- Fill the bottom around the pipe with sand and stones and concrete it.
- Install the canopy over the barrel.
- After the dismantled equipment is restored, the well is ready for operation.
- You can cover the shaft with a lid, you get a caisson - an underground chamber in which the temperature will be positive all year round. Install a pump in it to ensure uninterrupted water supply throughout the year.
Digging a well is a hard laborious job that only physically strong people can do. Usually, in this way, springs from concrete rings or a wooden frame are deepened, as well as krinits dug in clay soil and retaining the shape of the trunk.
The sequence of work is as follows:
- Pump out all the water.
- Connect all the elements of the shaft securely together.
- Lower to the bottom of the master.
- Remove the soil from the trunk with a bucket. This will require 1-2 helpers on the surface.
- Pump out any emerging water periodically.
- As the rings go deeper, they will lower. During work, check the uniformity of their movement. Skews are not allowed.
- After achieving the desired result, install additional rings on top or fill the vacated space with a new frame.
It is possible not to lower the existing shaft, but to install new elements of a smaller diameter in the lower part. If the well is built of rings with a diameter of 1 m, additional products should be 0.8 m in diameter.
Well shaft repair
If the mine is in good condition, you can start repairing it. The works are best performed in winter or late autumn, when the groundwater level is minimal.
Prepare the well for repair work:
- Disassemble the superstructure above the krinitsa.
- Pump out all the water.
- Lift the pump or other liquid lifting device.
- Additionally, fix all the elements of the underground part of the well with each other so that they do not move during the work. For such purposes, you can use metal staples.
The main operations are performed if you can say with great certainty why water disappears in the well. Based on your findings, choose a repair method.
The main options for restoring the source operability are as follows.
- Installation of a plastic "stocking" … In this case, a plastic pipe is installed in the well for its entire length, and the gap between it and the old shaft is filled with sand, crushed stone or other materials that pass water well. A plastic "stocking" is used if it is not possible to eliminate the leakage of water between the seams or if the underground part of the crinkle has burst. The problem may arise after horizontal or vertical movement of the mine from frost heaving or as a result of poor-quality repairs.
- Well cleaning … This method is used in case of silting up. For work, you will need a large-capacity drainage pump capable of lifting liquid dirt to the surface. The principle of the method is to pump out dirty water into a sealed container, which is then fed back to the well under high pressure. The strong jet removes dirt from the veins and can even wash away quicksand. The procedure is repeated several times. After achieving the desired result, the dirt is pumped out of the mine.
- Sealing well seams … If it has lost water due to cracks in the barrel, pump out all the water. The procedure will have to be repeated frequently and must be done quickly, so use a pump. Clean seams of dirt, algae, concrete chips and plaque with a scraper, wire brush or high pressure fluid. Remove the part of the wall that has crumbled or delaminated. Prepare a mortar of cement, sand and water glass. This mixture hardens within 7-10 minutes, so knead it just before use. The substance should resemble plaster in consistency. Seal the cracks with a spatula. If water is constantly oozing through the gaps, the grout will not help - it will wash out before it hardens. In this case, use special materials - peneplag, hydrostop or hydroseal.
What to do if water has left the well - watch the video:
There are many reasons why the water left the well. To avoid troubles, it is necessary to clean the well in time, control the degree of its filling, monitor the condition of the underground part. Then problems with filling the pot can arise only because of natural phenomena, and not because of the negligence of the owner of the site.
