Learn how to make batik fabric in a hot, cold, knotted way, to make a beautiful scarf out of it, or to make a designer item out of an old T-shirt. It is very interesting to create various patterns on fabric with your own hands. Soon you will be able to do some fun creativity.
Types of batik
Batik is a hand-painted fabric (on synthetics, silk, wool, cotton) for which reserving compounds are used.
Briefly about the technology of this needlework: paints are applied to the canvas in order to obtain clear boundaries at the junction of shades, a fixer is used, called a reserve. It is made on a water basis or using gasoline, paraffin, its composition depends on the chosen fabric, technique, paints.
The word "batik" is translated from the Indonesian "drop of wax". There are several ways to get a pattern on a fabric using this technology:
- cold;
- hot;
- dyeing curled and knitted fabric;
- free painting.
Let's take a closer look at their differences:
- V hot batik wax is used as a reserve. It is applied with a special tool called chanting. The wax limits the spread of the paint as it does not absorb it. It is melted, which is why this type is called hot batik. The paint is applied in several layers. At the end of the work, the wax is removed. In this way, cotton fabric is most often painted.
- Cold batik perfect for decorating silk, artificial fabrics. This technology uses aniline-based paints. The reserve can be liquid when it is made with gasoline and thick when it has a rubber component. There are colorless and colored reserves. Rubber ones are applied from tubes, and gasoline ones are applied through glass tubes with reservoirs. In cold batik, one-layer application of paint, therefore, the work requires more accuracy compared to the hot method.
- Free painting used on fabrics made of synthetic fibers and natural silk. For her, aniline dyes and oil paints are most often used.
- At knotted batik on the surface to be painted, many small knots are first tied, tying them with a thread. After staining, they are removed.
- Folding batik or "shibori" is the binding of tissue in a certain way, followed by staining.
How to decorate a scarf with your own hands?
Let's move from theory to practice. Try making such a charming scarf using cold batik fabrics. To do this, take:
- a rectangle of white silk measuring 0.5x1 m;
- buttons;
- a frame for stretching the fabric;
- transparent reserve and a tube for it;
- special paints for blue and blue batik;
- gasoline used for lighters;
- containers to dilute paints;
- 2 tassels;
- hairdryer;
- coarse salt.
Dampen the fabric with water using a brush. Pull the canvas over the frame, attach to it with buttons. To make a batik fabric, brush with light blue paint.
If you have a frame that is smaller than the canvas, paint it in sectors. To do this, pin one part, arrange it, then the second and subsequent ones. In this case, painting on fabric started from the middle sector. Clouds should be here according to the plan. Dilute the paint with a little water, apply to the canvas, and sprinkle with coarse salt on top. Such manipulation is necessary so that the salt absorbs water, while spectacular stains will remain on the fabric.
Blow dry the area with warm air, keeping the hair dryer not close to the canvas, then shake off the salt. After shaping the middle, move on to the edge where we will depict the sea.
Also dampen this section of fabric with water and pull it over the frame. Carefully so as not to swallow the reserve, pull it into the tube. When blowing onto the canvas, depict waves or other drawing of the sea. Algae or scales of outlandish fish may turn out.
Dry the reserve, re-moisten the fabric with water, paint this area with blue and blue paint.
Pull on the other end of the scarf, which will show the earth and the plants on it. Draw flowers in reserve, for example, chamomile, grass, dry. Moisten the fabric, color these flowers.
Dry the scarf with a hair dryer, remove from the frame. To set the paint, iron the decorated canvas from the front and back sides with an iron several times. After that, you need to rinse the product in cold water to remove the salt. In conclusion, iron it again several times. Everything, you can beautifully tie a scarf around your neck and admire how wonderful it turned out.
Painting on fabric: cold method
See what other amazing canvases are obtained thanks to this technology.
This can be enclosed in a beautiful frame and hung on the wall. Used for work:
- natural silk - crepe de Chine;
- black reserve, glass tube for him;
- buttons;
- stretcher;
- aniline paints;
- simple pencil;
- calanoke brushes.
Let's start by choosing a sketch. Flowers look very impressive. The end of the article shows you how to draw some of them that you can include in your composition.
When drawing elements on the canvas, draw them so that each has a closed path. Apply the reserve to the contours without stopping, but also slowly, so that it has time to go inside the fabric, but does not leave blots.
- Wash the fabric, pull it well over the stretcher, securing it with buttons.
- Fill the glass tube with a reserve, apply this composition to the contours of the elements of the picture.
- To have more shades, dilute the same paint with different amounts of water. For this, it is convenient to use disposable cups or jars of yogurt.
- First, paint the flowers - from light to dark, then the background.
- Sprinkle salt on the canvas, let it dry, then shake off the salt.
- When the batik fabric is dry, remove it from the stretcher. After a day, boil for 3 hours, wash in warm soapy water. Rinse with a little vinegar in the water.
- Squeeze gently, iron the cloth wet.
Batik technique - hot way
This is suitable for those who do not want to painstakingly paint over every fragment of the canvas, showing perseverance. Even if you don't try too hard, you will still get exclusive suits, skirts, scarves made using the batik technique, if you then sew these products from the resulting fabric. Let's take a closer look at this method of decorating fabric.
Traditionally, craftswomen first apply any of these substances to the canvas in a molten form:
- paraffin;
- wax;
- stearin;
- or a mixture of these substances.
To apply the solution to the tissue, a special tool is used - chanting, it is a watering can with a thin tip.
Now brushes are widely used, with the help of which point drops, strokes are applied to the fabric. After that, paint on top.
Then you can reapply wax and other paint to certain areas. If you want the patterns to be organized, you can dip the stamps in the melted wax and apply it that way.
You can use 2-3 tones or more - 4-5, then you get a canvas of this type.
When the paint is dry, you need to get rid of the wax. To do this, put a newspaper on the canvas, iron it. It will absorb the molten paraffin. Then they put another one, iron it. Use other newspapers if there is wax residue.
Check out the master class, which describes how batik-style clothing will look spectacular. In this case, you will be decorating the shawl.
To work you will need:
- natural fabric (silk, cotton, wool);
- stencil made of cardboard;
- paints for painting on fabric;
- glass of water;
- brushes;
- wax;
- cellophane, newspapers;
- rubber gloves;
- hairdryer.
When working, wear clothes that you do not mind ruining, since the paint for the fabric cannot be washed off. It is best to wear a waterproof apron to protect your belongings.
- Cover the work surface with newspapers and cellophane so that it does not get dirty.
- Dissolve the yellow paint in water in a container. Lower the fabric here.
- When it gets stained, wring it out with gloved hands, blow dry to dry faster.
- Place the stencil on the canvas. It can be not only autumn leaves, but also butterflies, flowers, hearts, etc.
- Place the pieces of wax in a small saucepan or ladle and melt in a water bath. You can use candles.
- Place the stencil on the selected area on the fabric, apply melted wax here with a brush.
- If you wish, shake the wax off the brush to create beautiful drops and streaks on the handkerchief. To do this, you can grind them with a brush.
- Add a little green to the water solution of yellow paint, cover the fabric with this light green paint.
- Blot paint from the leaves with a sponge (they will not turn light green, as they are covered with wax). Dry the canvas with a hair dryer.
- Iron the canvas through a cloth. To soften the handkerchief, rinse it in water and conditioner.
- It remains to dry the stole and you can try on a new thing, admiring how the batik paints and your hard work helped create a designer thing.
T-shirts coloring page
The batik technique will also help us create it. You can draw flowers, animals using the cold, hot method, or make an abstract drawing like this.
The knot method will help to make it. For him you will need:
- batik paint;
- white threads;
- technical bowl;
- water;
- brush;
- cotton or silk fabric.
Tie the knots like this:
The step-by-step master class shows how to proceed.
In this technique, you can make patterns not only on T-shirts, but also paint leggings.
Take a look at several ways to fold the canvas to make a batik fabric.
The first figure shows that you need to first sew with a basting, then tighten this thread and wind it in this place. In the second figure, there are already 3 basting seams - two of them are made on the right, and the third on the left. All that remains is to tighten the thread, wind it, and you can dye the fabric to make a batik.
To fold the canvas like fig. 3, you will need:
- the cloth;
- wooden plank;
- a thread;
- scissors.
First, the fabric is folded like an accordion. Now you need to attach a plate to the front side, tie it in two places with threads. The fabric in fig. 4 is also first folded like an accordion. Then you need to rewind it with a thread and give the workpiece the shape of a herringbone, also with the help of threads. Thus, you can make a children's batik, decorating a T-shirt for a child.
The next sample is obtained by folding the canvas several times and tying it with a rope crosswise.
Children's batik or adult batik will turn out to be quite interesting if you fold the fabric as follows, but first prepare:
- canvas;
- a thread;
- a needle;
- scissors;
- pencil;
- ruler.
To keep the seams perfectly straight, first draw horizontal and vertical lines on the fabric, then sew along these marks.
Sew each seam with a separate thread and tighten. The workpiece is ready for painting.
See how else you can fold the fabric to then sew batik suits, blouses and other designer items.
How to draw flowers?
You can use the following ideas when you create children's or adult clothes, a canvas for decorating a room using the batik technique. Flower arrangements look great on such things.
- To draw a violet, first draw a circle slightly elongated to the left and right edges.
- In its center, mark the core, from which a small oval extends upward, which will later be a pedicel. Don't forget to depict the stem.
- Here's how to draw flowers next. We depict 3 symmetrical petals, and behind the top two - one more.
- Let's draw 2 jagged leaves on one stem.
- Erase the oval. This is how you can color the batik fabric by drawing violets on it.
If you want a whole bouquet to show off on the canvas, the next master class will help you.
- Draw 3 ovals of different sizes. In the center of each, depict the wavy core of the flower, and below the stem.
- Now you need to draw a flower around each core, and a bud on the top right.
- Show the stems more voluminous. Paint leaves for each, draw them around the flowers.
- Erase construction circles.
On the canvas, you need to immediately draw a bouquet of flowers, without auxiliary lines, so it is better to first practice this on paper, and then you can already create a children's batik or an adult on the fabric. And here's how to draw roses.
First, draw a few circles on paper, then transform each into a multi-layered blooming bud. Step-by-step photos will help with this. After practicing on paper, from the first time you will draw roses on the fabric with a reserve and create a colorful canvas using the batik technique.
To simplify the task, we advise you to plunge into the world of this wonderful needlework and watch a video on this topic:
