The device of the drain pit and the principles of its functioning. Reasons for the rapid filling of the tank. Methods for emptying the container from the contents. A drain pit is a reservoir that is designed to accumulate sewage. After filling it, the contents must be removed by technical means. In the absence of high-quality service, the storage device malfunctions, the sewage fills the tank faster than at the beginning of its operation. Consider what to do if the drain pit fills up quickly.
Features of the functioning of the waste pit
An overflow pit is a bottomless reservoir dug into the ground. The walls of the container in loose soil are reinforced with brick or concrete partitions; in clay soil, you can do without them. Coarse gravel and cobblestones are poured at the bottom to prevent siltation. A sewer pipe is brought to the pit, through which the drains flow from the room to the storage.
The scheme of the functioning of the waste pit consists in the settling of insoluble solid inclusions (toilet paper, feces, etc.) at the bottom of the pit and the drainage of purified water through the walls and bottom. The structure is being built in places with a low level of groundwater, otherwise it will quickly fill with external liquid. The depth of the pit should not exceed 3 m. With such dimensions, the pump hose for pumping out sewage can easily reach the bottom of the pit.
After a large amount of sediment has accumulated, it must be removed mechanically. Depending on the intensity of use of the sewage system, the procedure is performed every 2-3 months. Site owners know from experience what the frequency of filling the pit is, and if it has changed, there is cause for concern. The rapid filling of the reservoir paralyzes life in the house, and basic amenities become inaccessible to residents. An unpleasant putrid smell appears in the house.
To ensure that the intervals between cleaning procedures do not decrease, perform regular and periodic maintenance on the drive. In the first case, the drain pit is cleaned once a year, in spring or autumn, using a sewer machine. Thus, the prevention of clogging of the drive is carried out, and if it is observed, there will be no problems with filling the pit. Periodic maintenance of the reservoir is carried out to protect the reservoir from flood waters and winter freezing. When the pit fills with waste faster than desired, the cause of the problem should be found. There may be several of them:
- Liquid does not escape through the walls due to silting of surfaces. A similar problem arises if the pit is not cleaned for a long time. Feces, household waste, solid inclusions settle to the bottom and over time create a dense crust that impedes the drainage of water into the ground. Fatty inclusions present in the effluent clog the pores in the soil and make it waterproof. Silting up the filter layer is an inevitable process that cannot be eliminated. But if you control the contents of the drains, the frequency of cleaning can be increased.
- The cesspool is operated more intensively than after its arrangement, so the amount of wastewater increases, and they do not have time to seep into the ground on their own.
- An error in calculating the volume of drains from the house, which is why the pit was dug in a smaller size. To remedy the situation, another hole is being dug nearby. Both accumulators are connected by overflow pipes. In this case, they form a system that resembles a traditional septic tank. Solid inclusions settle in one tank, liquid flows into the second, which then seeps through the walls.
- Runoff does not flow out due to freezing of the soil. The problem is solved by warming up the frozen sewage.
- The drain hole fills up quickly due to the rising water table. Most often, water enters the reservoir after intense precipitation. There are other reasons: poorly organized surface drainage; decrease in the filtration properties of the soil; deterioration of the evaporation of moisture from the soil after asphalting the site. The consequence of the ingress of groundwater into the storage tank is siltation, accumulation of fecal waste, and the appearance of an unpleasant odor.
How to restore the operation of the drain pit?
It is imperative to clean the drive, but this process is difficult and unpleasant. At the first stage of solving the problem, it is necessary to find out why the drain pit is quickly filled, then it is cleaned. The work can be done manually with improvised means, but it is better to use modern methods of waste disposal. Today, the procedure is performed using special devices, devices and complexes, so the role of manual labor is minimal.
Technically cleaning the pit
To free the drive from dirt, a special technique is used, with the help of which the process takes place quickly, remotely, with a minimum spread of odor.
The fastest way to clean a drain pit is call of the sewer truck … It is equipped with a vacuum pump, a tank and hoses, so the liquid is not only pumped out, but also transported to the disposal site. The customer only needs to organize the driveway to the drive. Before pumping out, thoroughly mix the contents of the pit with a pole with a hat that resembles an oar. After removing the liquid fraction, it is necessary to inspect the inside of the drive. If you find a solid sediment on the bottom and a greasy layer on the walls, wash them with a stream of warm water, while treating the surfaces with a stiff brush. If this is not done, then after pumping out, the drain pit in a private house will quickly fill. To remove the hardened layer, pour the sediment with water and leave for several days to soften, and then remove the mass with a pump. To remove the hard crust, add the microbes that decompose the hard fragments to the accumulator. The preparations marked "Intensive" have proven themselves well. They contain colonies of organisms that are able to process solid elements in the shortest possible time.
If the walls are loose, there is a danger of their being washed out by strong jets of water. In this case, work is carried out with a bucket, a shovel and other improvised means. Also suitable for cleaning sewage suction machine … This is a powerful device that easily handles solid sediment. Many models have special nozzles that create high water pressure to break up large inclusions.
You can pump out sewage fecal pump, without calling the sewer truck. The device easily sucks up liquid with impurities and is designed for such work. The contents of the tank are pumped out to a pre-prepared place. If the container is filled frequently, you can install a pump that automatically turns on as needed. Of the inexpensive models, one can note the Aquatica 773411 unit, which raises sewage from a depth of 5 m to a height of 12 m. It has a long service life and is capable of operating in automatic mode. For gardeners, we recommend the Chinese pump Spirut V180F, which not only pumps out feces, but is also used to water the site.
You can also use to clean the tank. golden method … Unlike the previous method, an ordinary household pump is used to pump out feces, in which a funnel with a mesh with 1-2 mm cells is put on the inlet pipe. The liquid is pumped into a hole dug nearby. Due to the lack of large fragments, it is quickly absorbed into the soil. All that remains is removed by hand with a bucket and a shovel. After cleaning, inspect the condition of the bottom and walls of the tank. If necessary, cover the base with rubble or cobblestones to cover the clay layer.
Cleaning the storage device with biologics
Microorganisms that feed on organic matter are often used to clean the drives. Bacteria help to solve the problem of quickly filling the waste pit at a qualitatively new level. It is enough to add them to the water according to the attached instructions and pour them into a container with feces.
The bacteria very quickly recycle paper, fats, particles of vegetables and fruits, etc., decomposing them into gas, water and light inclusions, while the volume of waste is reduced. They restore the porosity of the soil, dissolve fats and eliminate the silting of surfaces. A harmless liquid substance with a neutral odor remains in the pit, which can be removed with a pump.
Note! Plastic, films and other artificial materials cannot be decomposed. The biological agent is a complex of enzymes and live bacteria. They are sold in a liquid or powdery state, in a concentrated form, so very little is needed for the drug procedure.
For similar purposes, use anaerobic microbesable to live and reproduce without oxygen. Before use, dilute the drug in water, after which the dried cultures of microorganisms "wake up". Study the instructions for activating the biomaterial: some drugs must be insisted, others can be poured into the pit right away.
For the processing of faeces are also intended facultative saprophytic bacteriathat naturally live in the soil. They are able to reproduce with and without oxygen. In the package, they are in a state of suspended animation. After activation, they begin to look for dead organic matter, which is used as food.
Important! When choosing microorganisms, consider the purpose for which they will be intended. There are facilities for dry closets, cesspools, sewerage systems. Biological product "Microbec" is intended for the decomposition of fecal waste in a pit. It allows you to maintain a high permeability of the walls of the drive. Means "Vodograi" decomposes feces and organic waste - peeling potatoes, fat, etc. After processing, a disinfected odorless liquid and harmful impurities is formed, with which you can water the garden.
To make microorganisms work as efficiently as possible, create the following conditions for them:
- In a waste pit, the liquid should cover the solid sediment by several centimeters. Pour several buckets of water into a container if necessary.
- Bacteria are active at a temperature of + 4 + 30 degrees, so create appropriate temperature conditions.
- Protect the pit from chlorine, manganese and other antibacterial agents that kill bacteria.
- Use the drug in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. For example, some substances cannot be sprayed, you only need to pour into one place.
Biologics can be used for a long time, they will not harm the site. The bacteria present in them are already in the environment.
Remember that the complete dissolution of solid inclusions by microorganisms to the level of carbon dioxide will not occur; the liquid will have to be pumped out with a pump or a sewage machine.
Remember! If microbes constantly inhabit the sewer pit, leave 30% of the sediment during cleaning so that they quickly regain their numbers.
Cleaning the sewer pit with chemicals
Chemicals can be used to restore the porosity of the walls. They have one big advantage over biological preparations - they are able to function all year round, in frost and heat.
Most often, substances based on formaldehydes, nitrate oxidants and ammonium compounds are used. Their features are shown in the table:
| Means | Dignity | disadvantages |
| Formaldehyde | Can be used all year round | They are very toxic, they destroy the vegetation around the pit, the water after them must be taken out of the site |
| Nitrate oxidants | Site drug safety | Expensive enough |
| Ammonium compounds | Dissolves all fat deposits on the walls and recycle sludge | They work only in the warm season |
The most popular among users are nitrate oxidants based on nitrogen. They contain surfactants, which are present in preparations for cleaning dishes, so they easily cope with organic dirt. However, they cannot decompose other household waste.
Note! Water purified by nitrate oxidizers can be used for irrigation.
Sewage pit cleaning by defrosting sewage
If the drain pit fills up quickly due to freezing of the drains, measures must be taken to defrost them. You can melt the ice with plenty of hot water. But there are other ways as well.
You will need a copper wire capable of passing 2 kW, a middle hook and a metal pin 25 cm long. Hammer the pin in the center of the frozen opening, fasten the copper wire to it. Connect the other end of the wire with a hook to the electrical network. The result can be seen after 48 hours. After defrosting, remove the pin. In severe frost, you will need to heat the sewer pipe, especially near the pit.
Create a drainage system to drain ground water from the drain pit. Dig a trench with the bottom below the bottom of the drive. The width of the ditch is 15 cm. Pour crushed stone on the bottom, put a perforated pipe wrapped in geotextile on it. It should tilt away from the pit and drain water into a ravine or temporary collection point. Put coarse gravel on top again and cover with earth. Drainage can be arranged without corrugated pipes. To do this, dig an inclined trench and fill it with sand, brushwood, and a large stone. To drain precipitation from above the structure, along the perimeter, also build a drainage ditch. What to do if the drain pit fills up quickly - watch the video:
A cesspool is considered a convenient and economical way to solve the problem of household waste disposal. But even such a simple structure requires maintenance, which consists in its regular cleaning. Ignoring the rules for operating the drive leads to rapid filling of the reservoir and additional costs for restoring its functioning.
