Features of white wine vinegar, manufacturing methods. Composition and calorie content, benefits and harms when consumed. Food recipes and household use.
White wine vinegar is a food product obtained by the oxidation of raw materials by acetic acid bacteria, namely, extracts of white (green) grapes, fermented wines, juices, extracts from thick sediments or wine stillage (a by-product of winemaking). The aroma is light, sweetish, notes of grapes prevail, the taste is light, with sourness, the color is from light yellow to brown, medium saturation, the structure is homogeneous. High-quality white grape vinegar is transparent, without suspension and precipitation. It is used in the food industry and at home - for cosmetic and medicinal purposes.
How is white wine vinegar made?
If white wine is used for production, then the strength of the final product will turn out to be half of the initial one.
In an industrial setting for the preparation of wine vinegar, installations are mounted directly at wineries or food factories that process fruits and berries.
A method for the production of white wine vinegar, patented by winemakers, so as not to dispose of waste:
- Installation … This is a steel container with a diameter of 1 m and a height of up to 3 m. Holes are drilled in the bottom, and above it two plates in the form of a drumlag and a lattice are installed - at a height of 10 cm and 30 cm. Two pipes are mounted between them. Through one of them, the feedstock is injected, through the other - air. The container is filled to the top with oak or beech shavings.
- Production … Through the pipe, the starting material is pumped into the barrel, where it spreads over the chips, which are covered with a vinegar film. Oxidation is carried out due to a constant exothermic reaction: the temperature rises, air circulation increases. Vinegar flows through the holes and is again pumped into the container. Samples are taken periodically. As soon as the initial product reaches the required strength and density, it is completely drained and new raw materials are pumped into the vat.
This is just one way to explain how to make wine vinegar industrially. Its disadvantages include high losses - 25% of the feedstock.
The oldest method of making white wine vinegar is Orleans, a surface fermentation
Metal vats with holes in the lid and upper part are half-filled with juice, grape pomace, fermented wine, and ferment - acetic acid bacteria - is introduced into it. As soon as the final product reaches the required parameters, part of it is drained, and a new portion of the raw material is poured into the vat.
How to make wine vinegar yourself:
- From the pulp (grape press after making homemade wine). A jar with a wide mouth is filled with raw materials, sugar is added - "by eye". Pour water - by volume a quarter of the amount of pulp. Close the jar with gauze, folded in several layers, put away in the dark. Aging takes place at a temperature not lower than 20 ° C. The contents of the jar must be stirred several times a day. After 2 weeks, strain out the thick, add sugar. As soon as the liquid clears up, we can assume that the re-fermentation is over. The finished white wine vinegar is filtered and bottled.
- From berries. The grapes are washed, twigs removed, pounded (preferably with a wooden pestle). You do not need to remove the bones. The "wine" bottle is filled with raw materials, the rest of the ingredients are added. A medical glove is put on the neck, after having pierced the finger. Put away in a warm, dark place. After 2, 5-3 weeks, the glove has time to inflate and fall off. The resulting liquid is filtered and poured into glass bottles for ripening, clogging them with paper corks. When the vinegar becomes light and completely transparent, the paper is replaced with a tight twist, and the bottles are removed to a cold place. Proportions of ingredients: 800 g of light grapes, 10 g of dry (fast) nutritional yeast, 1 liter of boiled chilled water.
When making wine vinegar at home, the transition from one stage to another is determined by the following criteria: the first filtration is carried out when the berries completely settle to the bottom of the can, and the second - when the foam stops appearing after shaking. You can also focus on the vinegar film on the surface - it becomes completely transparent. The sediment formed at the bottom is further used as a leaven.
Composition and calorie content of white wine vinegar
The product is appreciated for its delicate taste, which improves the quality of the main course, and its low nutritional value, which allows it to be introduced into slimming diets.
The calorie content of white wine vinegar made from wine with 7-9% alcohol content is only 14 kcal, of which 5, 9 g of carbohydrates
The composition of the product contains the same mineral substances as in the original raw material - grape pomace or wines. These are ascorbic acid, riboflavin, nianacin, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, fluorine and copper.
The benefits and harms of wine vinegar are assessed by the content of compounds that accumulate in it during primary fermentation:
- Acetylmethylcarbinol - antioxidant, but may cause intestinal upset;
- Isopentyl acetate - anesthetic effect, but irritating to the mucous membrane;
- Isovaleric aldehyde - irritates food receptors and makes you feel hungry;
- Polyphenolic compounds - inhibit malignancy, slow down aging, but can provoke intoxication;
- Sinalic acid - enhances immunity and stimulates regeneration at the cellular level;
- Salicylic acid - stops the development of putrefactive processes in the intestine, but can disrupt the course of metabolic processes.
In the process of studying 20 samples of white wine vinegar, 42 active compounds were found in the composition, which determine the final properties of the product. The more expensive the raw materials are, the better the vinegar is.
Health Benefits of White Wine Vinegar
The healing effect of the fragrant liquid was noticed by the doctors of Ancient Greece and Rome. The means in which she entered were to treat intestinal infections and tried to speed up recovery from injuries.
Benefits of Wine Vinegar:
- Isolates free radicals circulating in the intestines.
- Increases immunity and stops the production of atypical cells.
- Has an antipyretic effect for internal and external use.
- Dissolves harmful cholesterol deposited on the walls of blood vessels.
- Eliminates chronic fatigue.
- Improves the absorption of nutrients - the most pronounced effect is potassium and magnesium.
- Stimulates the production of bile and hydrochloric acid.
- Stops fermentation processes in the intestines.
- It has a diuretic effect.
- Prevents exacerbation of gout and arthritis.
- Reduces the glycemic index of ready meals.
Topical application of white wine vinegar eliminates itching and flaking of the skin, improves the quality of hair and nails
Thanks to the white vinegar diet, you can lose 3-4 kg in 1 month without increasing vitality. You just need to remember: losing weight in this way is possible only for people with an absolutely healthy digestive system.
Contraindications and harm of white wine vinegar
You should not introduce this product into the diet if you are intolerant to green grapes, sucrose, ferment cultures involved in fermentation. Abuse can provoke intoxication - nausea and vomiting.
The harm from wine vinegar can occur in diseases of the digestive tract - peptic ulcer and gastritis, especially in the acute stage. You can not enter the product into the diet with high acidity, often occurring heartburn, inflammatory processes of the oral mucosa - stomatitis or gingivitis.
Despite the property of destroying pathogenic flora, with a low pain threshold, rinsing treatment will have to be abandoned. Contact with an aggressive substance will provoke an increase in pain.
White Wine Vinegar Recipes
In the national cuisines of southern peoples, in countries where white grapes are grown, a rare dish does without this culinary ingredient. It is added to salads, sauces, marinades, they are set off by the taste of fish, seafood and cheese snacks. On its basis, dressings are made with mustard, olive oil and various types of pepper.
White Wine Vinegar Recipes:
- Forshmak … 3 pieces of loaf are soaked in milk. Using a blender or a meat grinder, grind half the onion and 1.5 green apples, 400 g of herring fillets and parsley, add 1 tsp. vinegar. Serve as a salad or spread on bread.
- Eggplant salad … Eggplant slices are rolled in coarse salt, left for 30 minutes, and then washed with cool water. Fry these slices until tender. Mix the dressing - slicing parsley and cilantro, chopped garlic, slicing chili (first remove the seeds from the pod), pour in 1 tsp. wine vinegar and 3 tbsp. l. olive oil. Lay eggplants, tomato slices, pepper slices in layers, add a little salt, if necessary, fill with dressing.
- Turkey with sauce … Cut a piece of poultry (1 kg) together with bones and skin into portions. Put the meat in a saucepan, 600 g of peeled onions and 2 bunches of cilantro on top, add water and cook until tender. Boiled onions, cilantro, walnut kernels - 300 g, 3 garlic teeth are passed through a meat grinder. Remove the bones, drain the liquid, return the meat to the saucepan, pour over the sauce. The contents of the saucepan are brought to a boil and boiled for 1 minute. Season with white wine vinegar to taste.
- Cucumber soup … Fresh cucumbers, 1 kg, are peeled, chopped and transferred to a deep bowl. 500 ml of salad yogurt is poured into the same container, 50 g of fresh mint leaves are poured, garlic - 2 prongs, lemon zest - from one citrus. Gloves, salt, add 3 tbsp. l. wine white vinegar and interrupted with an immersion blender in the cream. Pour in 250 ml of low-fat cream and stir with a whisk. Do not use a blender at this stage - the cream may stratify.
- Cake "Pavlova" … Eggs (6 pieces) are divided into whites and yolks. Whisk the whites with a glass of sugar, adding it little by little, in a thin stream. Also gradually add 2 tsp. corn flour, pour in 1 tbsp. l. vanillin and white wine vinegar. Preheat the oven to 120-130 ° C, cover the baking sheet with parchment, sprinkle with a thin layer of flour and lay out the whipped proteins in dense peaks. Form a dense thick crust. Bake for an hour, turn off the oven and leave to cool completely by opening the door. Whisk 400 ml of cream with 100 g of sugar, spread on a cooled meringue cake, decorate with fruit.
Interesting facts about white wine vinegar
In ancient Greece, this product was called "the wine that survived death." Already in the 5th century BC. NS. Hippocrates referred to it as a cure for infectious diseases of various etiologies. Even the Bible described the medicinal use of white wine vinegar - as a means for quick recovery from overwork and aseptic treatment of wounds.
There are several types of valuable product:
- Prefabricated light grape varieties … This type includes homemade wine vinegar made from different types of light grapes. Sourish, with a slight essence scent.
- Champagne … Only fermented champagne is used as a starting material. The taste is softer, the price is higher, the color is neutral, maybe a little greenish, the transparency is increased.
- Sherry … It is made only from fortified Andalusian wine. Has a fortress of 7-9%. Unlike other varieties of white vinegar, this one is infused not in steel, but in oak barrels filled with beech chips. Secondary fermentation lasts at least 12 years, but the most appreciated product is aged 25 years. The taste is intense, sweetish-spicy, an unpleasant alcoholic smell is almost not felt, the aroma is woody, the color is thick, amber.
- Balsamic vinegar … According to the original recipe, this type of wine vinegar is made only from Trebbiano, a grape that grows around the Italian city of Modena. But it is often made from a collection of white varieties. Exposure - from 6 to Then it is better this way - more understandable: When making wine vinegar at home, the transition from one stage to another is determined by the following criteria. The first filtration is carried out when the berries completely settle to the bottom of the can, and the second - when the foam stops appearing after shaking. You can also focus on the vinegar film on the surface - it becomes completely transparent. The sediment formed at the bottom is further used as a sourdough.? 25 years have passed.
The taste of balsamic vinegar is so mild that a diet for weight loss, designed for 2-3 weeks, has been developed on its basis. Weight loss methods:
- Morning reception … Pour 1 tsp into a glass of cold water. balsamic vinegar and liquid linden honey. Drink 1 hour before breakfast, that is, immediately after waking up.
- During the day … In this case, the mixture for weight loss is prepared without honey, drunk after breakfast and dinner after 15 minutes. This technique speeds up peristalsis and prevents the formation of a fatty layer.
A repeated course of weight loss can be repeated no earlier than a month later. While reducing weight, baked goods and pastries must be abandoned.
White wine vinegar can be used for cosmetic purposes:
- For hair. To soften the curls, after washing, they are rinsed with a composition made from 1 liter of water and 1-2 tbsp. l. acidifier.
- To eliminate the greasiness of the face. Mix in 1 tbsp. l. lavender, chamomile, string, pour 0.5 liters of boiling water, leave for 30 minutes, filter, pour in 1 tbsp. l. white vinegar. Freeze in molds. Wipe your face in the morning.
- To restore skin elasticity. 1.5 cups of vinegar are poured into a warm bath, the procedure lasts 20 minutes.
- Against peeling. Beat 2 yolks, add 2 tsp. avocado pulp and wine vinegar, 2 tbsp. l. burdock oil, 1 tsp. lemon juice. The mask is applied at night. Liquid ingredients are added to the whipped yolks in drops so as not to sediment the foam.
How to make white wine vinegar - watch the video:
White wine vinegar can be used at home. It is an effective stain remover. It is poured onto the stained area of the fabric, left for 15-20 minutes, then the item is soaked in hot water overnight, and in the morning it is washed in a typewriter or by hand. If you want to pleat the folds, soak gauze in a strong solution and iron with an iron until dry. The same solution eliminates the electrification of things. But red wine vinegar is not used for processing fabrics - it has coloring properties.
