The composition of milk powder, its beneficial properties for the human body. Are there any contraindications to the use of the product? How is it eaten and what recipes with its participation are popular among consumers?
Powdered milk is a healthy product that can fully replace the usual cow's milk. The powder is affordable, does not deteriorate in hot weather and does not spill in a picnic bag, as is the case with a fresh drink. The concentrate is used for the preparation of confectionery, cereals, savory snacks and drinks. In fact, it is a semi-finished product from which ordinary milk can be obtained by dissolving in water.
Composition and calorie content of milk powder
Depending on the production technology and composition, milk powder can be whole (SCM), skimmed (SOM) and instant milk. So, whole milk powder is used as a substitute for fresh milk. You can take such a product with you in the countryside in hot weather and not worry that it will turn sour.
The calorie content of whole milk powder per 100 g is 573 kcal, of which:
- Protein - 38 g;
- Fat - 25 g;
- Carbohydrates - 48 g;
- Ash - 6, 3 g;
- Dietary fiber - 0 g;
- Water - 0 g.
The ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates: 1: 0, 7: 1, 3.
Vitamins per 100 g of product:
- Choline - 23.6 mg;
- Vitamin PP - 4.7172 mg;
- Vitamin H - 3.2 μg;
- Vitamin E - 0.09 mg;
- Vitamin D - 0.05 mcg;
- Vitamin C - 4 mg;
- Vitamin B12 - 0.4 mcg;
- Vitamin B9 - 5 mcg;
- Vitamin B6 - 0.05 mg;
- Vitamin B5 - 0.4 mg;
- Vitamin B2 - 1.3 mg;
- Vitamin B1 - 0.3 mg;
- Vitamin A - 50 mcg;
- Vitamin PP - 0.7 mg.
Minerals per 100 g of product:
- Strontium (Sr) - 17 mcg;
- Tin (Sn) - 13 mcg;
- Aluminum (Al) - 50 μg;
- Cobalt (Co) - 0.8 μg;
- Molybdenum (Mo) - 5 μg;
- Fluorine (F) - 20 μg;
- Chromium (Cr) - 2 μg;
- Selenium (Se) - 2 μg;
- Manganese (Mn) - 0.006 mg;
- Copper (Cu) - 12 mg;
- Iodine (I) - 9 mcg;
- Zinc (Zn) - 0.4 mg;
- Iron (Fe) - 0.5 mg;
- Sulfur (S) - 29 mg;
- Chlorine (Cl) - 110 mg;
- Phosphorus (P) - 790 mg;
- Potassium (K) - 1200 mg;
- Sodium (Na) - 400 mg;
- Magnesium (Mg) - 119 mg;
- Calcium (Ca) 1000 mg
The fat-free mixture is ideal for baking and making other pastries. It is often added to animal feed, included in the diet of those who are losing weight or people who are contraindicated in any form of cholesterol.
The calorie content of skimmed milk powder per 100 g is 90 kcal, of which:
- Protein - 9 g;
- Fat - 0 g;
- Carbohydrates - 13 g;
- Dietary fiber - 0 g;
- Ash - 7, 93 g.
- Water - 0 g.
The ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates: 1: 0: 1, 4.
Vitamins per 100 g of product:
- Vitamin K - 0.1 μg;
- Vitamin C - 6.8 mg;
- Vitamin B6 - 0.361 mg;
- Vitamin B5 - 3.568 mg;
- Vitamin B2 - 1.55 mg;
- Vitamin B1 - 0.415 mg;
- Vitamin A - 6 mcg
Minerals in 100 g of product:
- Zinc (Zn) - 4.08 mg;
- Selenium (Se) - 27.3 μg;
- Copper (Cu) - 0.041 mg;
- Manganese (Mn) - 0.02 mg;
- Iron (Fe) - 0.32 mg;
- Phosphorus (P) - 968 mg;
- Sodium (Na) - 535 mg;
- Magnesium (Mg) - 110 mg;
- Calcium (Ca) - 1257 mg;
- Potassium (K) - 1793 ppm
Instant Powder is a combination product that contains both whole milk powder and skimmed milk powder. Such a powder mixture undergoes a special steam treatment, after which it turns into lumps. The granules are dried and packaged in packages. Thanks to these processes, they quickly dissolve in water.
The calorie content of instant milk powder per 100 g is 368 kcal, of which:
- Proteins - 35, 1 g;
- Fat - 0.7 g;
- Carbohydrates - 52, 2 g;
- Ash - 6, 3 g;
- Dietary fiber - 0 g;
- Water - 3.96 g.
The ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates: 1: 0: 1, 5.
The vitamin and mineral complex in such a product is less voluminous than in whole milk powder. At the same time, an instant product is more nutritious and rich in nutrients in comparison with a fat-free product.
On a note! 1 teaspoon holds 5 g of milk powder, and 1 tablespoon - 20 g.
Useful properties of milk powder
The benefits of milk powder for the human body are expressed in the following properties of the product:
- Strengthening the nail plates, teeth and oblique skeleton … 100 g of powder contains a daily intake of calcium for humans, magnesium, sodium and other minerals also have a positive effect on the condition of the tissue of bones, hair and skin.
- Optimization of brain function, strengthening of the muscular corset of the body … Potassium is responsible for these processes, of which the powder concentrate contains quite a lot (68% of the daily value for an average person).
- Recovery of the body after a protracted illness, normalization of digestion … For this, the powder contains a large amount of phosphorus.
- Boosting immunity and protecting the body from seasonal diseases … The product contains many vitamins C, B. A. Also, some manufacturers specifically add other types of vitamins to the powder, which makes their products more useful and attractive to the consumer.
Contraindications and harm of milk powder
A product prepared in accordance with GOST with strict adherence to technology cannot be harmful to humans if consumed in moderate doses. The exception is cases when consumers have individual intolerance to certain components of the product, for example, lactose.
If a person suffers from digestive problems after consuming whole milk, the concentrated powder can cause them the same problems.
You can feel the harm of milk powder if you use a product made from second-rate raw materials. Whole milk can contain harmful impurities and bacteria. If the manufacturer carefully processes the raw materials, all foreign organisms die during heat treatment and do not fall into the powder. Unscrupulous companies often save money at this stage of production, as a result of which their products become dangerous for consumers.
Sometimes manufacturers add various chemical components to the composition of the powder to make it tastier for the consumer and to reduce the cost of production. Such a product enriches the human body not with useful minerals and vitamins, but with harmful toxins. Therefore, experts advise citizens to buy goods from time-tested manufacturers with a good reputation.
On a note! Researchers note that even healthy people can drink pure milk powder or eat foods with its high content only in the morning and in the evening. At other times of the day, it is poorly absorbed, which often leads to abdominal disease and other unpleasant symptoms.
Features of the manufacture of powdered milk
The industrial production of milk powder is a complex technological process that cannot be recreated in a home kitchen. Before starting the preparation of the powder, the enterprise accepts fresh whole milk, checks its quality, cleans it from contaminants that could get into it during milking of cows and transportation of the product.
Next, the direct production of the dry product begins, which is carried out in several successive stages:
- The cream is separated from the milk, then added in small doses to the already skimmed milk. This is necessary in order to achieve the desired percentage of fat content of the product at the exit.
- Milk prepared for drying is pasteurized, cooled and condensed.
- All the liquid is evaporated from the condensed product until it becomes dense enough.
- The mass with the optimal density is processed on special innovative platforms in order to achieve the desired product structure.
- The dairy blank is dried to a powder state in a kind of dryers.
- The finished product is packaged and sent to stores for sale.
As you can see, making homemade milk powder is quite difficult. To do this, you will need a lot of different filters, large-sized powerful equipment and your own chemical laboratory.
Powdered milk recipes
Before preparing meals, you should dilute the milk powder. Dissolve the powder in boiled and cooled water in a ratio of 1: 8 - this means that for a 200-gram glass of water you will need 5 tsp. powder or 1 tbsp. l., but with a slide. To make the milk homogeneous, pour dry powder into a bowl and only then add water to it in small portions. Stir the mixture constantly so that no lumps form in it. The product is ready to use!
Manufacturers often place detailed instructions on how to dilute milk powder on their product labels. However, if such a guide is not on the pack you purchased from the store, follow the universal tips above.
Dough with milk powder is very popular among culinary experts all over the world. It is prepared very simply and quickly, and its taste does not differ from the dough kneaded with fresh product.
Further, simple and inexpensive recipes with powdered milk for delicious dishes:
- Pies with milk powder … Combine 5 tsp in a deep bowl. dry yeast, 1 tbsp. l. granulated sugar, 3 tbsp. l. dry milk, add water (200 ml) and stir until smooth. Leave the dough piece in a warm place for 20 minutes. Then add 2 tbsp to it. l. melted butter and 2 chicken eggs. Knead soft dough. It is important that the flour is sifted, thanks to which it is saturated with air and makes the dough fluffy and soft. Let the dough steep for an hour and a half. Fill the pies with any product: potatoes, fruits, meat, cottage cheese, etc.
- Pancakes with milk powder … Dilute the SCM with water, add two eggs, a pinch of salt and a few tablespoons of sugar to taste. Then beat thoroughly with a blender. Add flour. To prevent clumping, pour a small amount of pancake liquid into a glass and dilute 10 tbsp. l. flour. The mass should come out thick and without lumps. After that, combine the diluted flour with the bulk of the eggs and milk. Stir the dough again. Pour 2 tbsp into the finished solution. l. vegetable oil. Start baking pancakes, and bon appetit!
- Pizza with milk powder … Heat the diluted SCM to 40 degrees. Add 5 tsp. dry yeast, one chicken egg, a pinch of salt (as much as possible), 1-1, 5 tbsp. l. sugar, 2 tbsp. l. olive or sunflower oil. Beat the mixture and knead the dough - you will need 2 cups of flour (260 g). Leave the finished dough to rise in a warm room for an hour. Knead the dough that has come up and leave it to infuse again for 1 hour. While the dough is growing, add the filling and pizza sauce. To prepare it, combine 30 ml of olive oil, a few fresh basil leaves, 30 g of crushed walnuts, 2 cloves of garlic and 30 ml of lemon juice. Season the mixture with sea salt to taste and turn into a smooth puree. To prepare the filling, fry 0.5 kg of chicken and grate 400 g of your favorite hard cheese. When the dough is ready, start assembling the pizza: roll it out and heat it up a little in the oven (about 15 minutes). Spread the sauce over a warm base, spread the filling over it. Bake until cooked through. Garnish with basil leaves or chili peppers.
- Powdered milk sweets … Dissolve 350 g of sugar in a 100 g glass of water. Boil the resulting mass and keep it on a low heat for several minutes until it thickens completely. Turn off the heat, add 100 g of butter and stir it thoroughly. After that, gradually add 250 g of milk powder to the syrup. Stir the mixture well to avoid clumping. The blank for sweets is almost ready. Now it needs to be seasoned with various spices of your choice: a pinch of cardamom, vanilla, cinnamon, etc. Leave the mass for sweets in the refrigerator for half an hour. Then mold candies from the chilled dough (choose any shape). Dip them in cocoa and you're done! The candy can be stored in a container in the refrigerator for 5 days.
- Rice vanilla porridge with milk powder … Rinse with 100 g of rice, fill it with 800 ml of water. Bring the mass to a boil, then add 80 g of MCM to it, 3-4 tbsp. l. sugar, 1 tsp. vanilla sugar, a pinch of salt and cook until tender. Garnish with chocolate or caramel topping before serving.
Interesting facts about milk powder
According to official data, the production of milk powder began in the 19th century. It was then that the Russian chemist M. Dirchov officially patented the recipe for this product and launched its mass production.
But there is an opinion that the concentrated powder was made before that. Even in ancient times, it was popular among nomads. Then, to obtain it, ordinary milk was dried in the sun, which, under the influence of rays, turned into a kind of powder. Due to the fact that milk powder was very satisfying and healthy, it became indispensable for long hikes.
In modern times, powdered milk is even added to baby food. It is included in the list of products that are supplied to those in need within the framework of social assistance from various charitable foundations.
SCM is an indispensable product for athletes. Due to its beneficial properties, the powder is used in almost all sports supplements. It is often used as a substitute for protein to build muscle.
Another interesting fact. During evaporation, a lot of substances useful for human health disappear from the milk. The higher the temperature of milk heating, the less vitamins will remain in it. Therefore, dry concentrate from different manufacturers contains completely different amounts and volumes of useful vitamins and minerals. In this regard, the most useful milk powder was at the time of the first attempts to produce it. Then the researchers evaporated the product at 70–80 ° C, and almost all the vitamin and mineral composition of whole milk remained in it.
Modern manufacturers put the usefulness of their products in the background, for them the main thing is to increase production volumes and reduce waste. As a result, milk is often boiled at 180 ° C. Moreover, soy or starch is added to the composition of the powder, which significantly reduces the quality of the product.
Important! In order not to purchase second-rate goods with third-party additives in the store, read carefully the information on its label. If it indicates that the product complies with GOST, it means that the product is natural and you can safely buy it. In cases where it is indicated that the powder meets the specifications, you should think about its quality. The technical conditions are developed by the manufacturer, and GOST is developed by special state structures.
How to dilute milk powder - watch the video:
Powdered milk is an unambiguously healthy product that can be consumed by both adults and children. The highest quality powder is considered to be made in accordance with GOST. The calorie content of milk powder depends on its formulation: today, a dietary (non-fat) powder and a product with a high percentage of fat from whole milk are produced simultaneously. Therefore, each person can choose a semi-finished product to their taste and weight!
