The construction of a sloping roof over the bathhouse usually involves the use of the attic space as a relaxation room or guest room. This design is rather complicated, therefore its installation must be carried out taking into account all the features of this process. Content:
- Sloping roof materials
- Preparation for construction
-
Installation of a sloping roof
- Rafter system
- Roof insulation
- Finish coating
Often, roofs with a variable slope angle are equipped with overall steam rooms. The width of the structure should be at least six meters. Otherwise, its construction loses all the advantages. The sloping roof for the bath is a structure with two gentle and two steep slopes. This form allows you to equip an attic or a full second floor above the steam room.
Materials for a sloping roof over the bath
Before proceeding with the installation, you need to stock up on wood for the rafters. The most suitable option is coniferous wood with a shrinkage of 20-22%. When purchasing bars, carefully inspect them. They must not be damaged by insects.
In addition, do not forget about the careful processing of wood with fire retardants and antiseptic compounds. It is better to impregnate each compound in several layers with a wide brush. They will protect the material from the effects of high temperatures, mold, fungus, insects. Use a respiratory protection mask and gloves when handling chemicals.
Knowing the estimated width and length of each slope of the future roof, you can easily calculate its area. Multiply the length by the width of the ramps and add up the results. With these data, you will calculate the amount of required roofing, heat and waterproofing materials.
Any available roofing material can be used:
- Slate (from 250 rubles apiece);
- Tiles (from 28 rubles apiece);
- Metal tiles (from 200 rubles per square meter);
- Ondulin (from 200 rubles per square meter).
Choose galvanized fasteners (corners, brackets, screws, staples). They are not corrosive.
Preparation for the construction of a sloping roof for a bath
First you need to think over the project of a bath with a sloping roof. As a rule, the bottom rafters are installed at an angle of about 60 degrees or more. The upper rafters are set at an angle of about 30 degrees. At the same stage, the calculation of the bearing capacity of the structure is done in order to correctly select the cross-section of the materials used and place them as efficiently as possible.
In doing so, be sure to consider:
- The total weight of the finishing roofing material;
- The load created by the elements of the lathing and counter-lathing;
- Weight of insulating materials;
- The length of the span from the ridge to the eaves overhang;
- The slope of gentle and steep slopes;
- The pitch of the rafters and lathing elements;
- Additional loads (precipitation, ventilation system, fencing, double-glazed windows).
To calculate the bearing capacity of the rafters, there are certain ready-made programs and tables. They contain maps of wind and snow loads for the country and help to optimally calculate all the parameters of the rafter system.
Installation instructions for a sloping roof over a bath
This technology for erecting a roof with a variable slope angle is considered one of the simplest and allows you to equip a two-story sauna with a sloping roof. Conditionally, the installation of the structure can be divided into three stages: assembly of the frame, carrying out insulation work, fixing the roof covering. For the construction of this type of roof with your own hands, it is better to involve several assistants, since many laborious processes are assumed.
Installation of a rafter system for a broken roof of a bath
Before installation, a waterproofing material must be laid in several layers around the perimeter of the bath. The best option is roofing felt or waterproofing. Lay the film so that it sags slightly.
Further work is performed in this order:
- We attach a solid Mauerlat around the perimeter of the walls using steel wire and construction studs. For greater strength of the wooden frame, we make holes to a minimum. It is desirable that the studs fall between the rafter elements.
- We fix the floor beams at the bottom level. Depending on the expected loads, they can be performed from a single or double bar with a total section of 25 cm2.
- We install the frontal vertical rafters, fixing them on the floor beams, and pull the rope between them. It will be a kind of level for the following elements.
- We place intermediate vertical racks with a step of 2-2, 5 meters.
- We fix all the vertical parts with temporary spacers.
- We lay special girders on top and attach the rest of the racks strictly vertically.
- We attach transverse ties to the girders and strengthen them with struts.
- We carry out the installation of the side lower rafter elements. They can be prepared in advance, making only the upper cuts. Initially, we fix the extreme rafters, then intermediate in steps of 1-1, 2 meters. At this stage, we make the bottom cuts. All details must abut against the load-bearing walls of the bath.
- We install the upper rafter elements by attaching them to the ridge. For further installation of windows, we strengthen the upper part of the frame with transverse crossbars.
- We make additional bases for the gables of windows and doors on the outer rafters.
Please note that for laying a vertical system of racks, it is better to use a light beam with a cross section of less than 5 cm2… Please also note that the rafter elements of the sheer roof bevel are usually made inclined, and the upper parts are hanging.
Thermal insulation of a sloping roof over the bath
In order to create a comfortable atmosphere in a bath with a sloping roof and an attic and reduce energy consumption for heating it, it is important to correctly approach the insulation process.
To do this, we adhere to the following instructions:
- We cover the frame with a vapor barrier membrane from the ridge to the Mauerlat. We lay the material with an overlap of 20-30 cm. We glue all joints with metallized tape. To fix the vapor barrier, we use thin strips and a construction stapler.
- We mount the main crate. The pitch of its elements depends on the density of the selected roofing material. A hard roof involves the installation of a sparse sheathing, and a soft one is a solid one.
- We put a heat insulator between the boards of the sheathing and the rafters. The best option is mineral wool.
- From the inside, to securely fix the insulation, we fill the strips, making an additional crate.
- We fix the roll waterproofing on top with an overlap of 15-20 cm. We glue it with sealing tape.
If you wish, you can order a production insulation "pie" and install it between the rafters.
Finishing coating for a sloping roof of a bathhouse
When installing the roofing material, it is advisable to leave a ventilation gap of 2-3 cm up to the waterproofer. We attach the cover in this order:
- We fill a counter-lattice of strips 3-5 cm thick on the waterproofing film.
- We install the roof starting from the top edge. Installation technology depends on the type of roofing material. Using ceramic or bituminous shingles, lay each new row on top of the previous one. Ondulin and profiled sheets are also suitable for such a roof.
- We install gutters. Better to choose plastic or galvanized drainage systems. They are corrosion resistant and relatively inexpensive. Pipes made of aluminum, copper and titanium look more impressive on a bath with a sloping roof, but they will not be cheap.
- We install window systems. Windows made of wood or PVC are ideal. It is also worth calculating the size of the hole so that it occupies at least 1/8 of the roof.
Instead of a counter-lattice, you can simply stuff OSB sheets. They have high moisture resistant characteristics, are durable and strong. Depending on the size of the building, the construction of the roof will take 1-2 weeks of time.
How to make a sloping roof for a bath - watch the video:
With the help of the given instructions and photos of baths with a sloping roof, you can independently carry out or control each construction process. Correct calculations, installation of the frame, insulation work and finishing will make the structure strong and durable.
