Do you want maximum muscle growth? Then find out what energy processes trigger fiber hypertrophy for maximum muscle growth. For life, the body needs energy. Muscle work is no exception, and the body uses multiple sources for energy. Today's article is devoted to the topic of energy processes in the muscle for maximum growth. Let's deal with all the energy sources used by the body.
The cleavage process of ATP molecules
This substance is a universal source of energy. ATP is synthesized during the Krebs citrate cycle. At the moment of exposure of the ATP molecule to a special enzyme ATPase, it is hydrolyzed. At this moment, the phosphate group is separated from the main molecule, which leads to the formation of a new substance ADP and the release of energy. Myosin bridges, when interacting with actin, have ATPase activity. This leads to the breakdown of ATP molecules and the receipt of the necessary energy to perform a given work.
The process of formation of creatine phosphate
The amount of ATP in muscle tissue is very limited and for this reason the body must constantly replenish its reserves. This process takes place with the participation of creatine phosphate. This substance has the ability to detach a phosphate group from its molecule, attaching it to ADP. As a result of this reaction, creatine and the ATP molecule are formed.
This process is called the "Loman reaction". This is the main reason for the need for athletes to consume supplements containing creatine. It should be noted that creatine is used only during anaerobic exercise. This fact is due to the fact that creatine phosphate can work intensively only for two minutes, after which the body receives energy from other sources.
Thus, the use of creatine is justified only in strength sports. For example, it makes no sense for athletes to use creatine, since it cannot increase athletic performance in this sport. The supply of creatine phosphate is also not very large and the body uses the substance only in the initial phase of training. After that, other energy sources are connected - anaerobic and then aerobic glycolysis. During rest, the Loman reaction proceeds in the opposite direction and the supply of creatine phosphate is restored within a few minutes.
Metabolic and energy processes of skeletal muscles
Thanks to creatine phosphate, the body has the energy to replenish its stores of ATP. During the rest period, the muscles contain about 5 times more creatine phosphate compared to ATP. After the start of robotic muscles, the number of ATP molecules is rapidly decreasing, and ADP is increasing.
The reaction for obtaining ATP from creatine phosphate proceeds rather quickly, but the number of ATP molecules that can be synthesized directly depends on the initial level of creatine phosphate. Also, muscle tissue contains a substance called myokinase. Under its influence, two ADP molecules are converted into one ATP and ADP. The reserves of ATP and creatine phosphate in total are sufficient for the muscles to work at maximum load for 8 to 10 seconds.
Glycolysis reaction process
During the glycolysis reaction, a small amount of ATP is produced from each glucose molecule, but with a large amount of all the necessary enzymes and substrate, a sufficient amount of ATP can be obtained in a short period of time. It is also important to note that glycolysis can only occur in the presence of oxygen.
The glucose required for the glycolysis reaction is taken from the blood or from glycogen stores that are found in the tissues of the muscles and liver. If glycogen is involved in the reaction, then three ATP molecules can be obtained from one of its molecules at once. With an increase in muscle activity, the body's need for ATP increases, which leads to an increase in the level of lactic acid.
If the load is moderate, say when running long distances, then ATP is mainly synthesized during the oxidative phosphorylation reaction. This makes it possible to obtain a significantly larger amount of energy from glucose in comparison with the reaction of anaerobic glycolysis. Fat cells are able to break down only under the influence of oxidative reactions, but this leads to the receipt of a large amount of energy. Likewise, amino acid compounds can be used as an energy source.
During the first 5-10 minutes of moderate physical activity, glycogen is the main source of energy for the muscles. Then, for the next half hour, glucose and fatty acids in the blood are connected. Over time, the role of fatty acids in obtaining energy becomes predominant.
You should also point out the relationship between the anaerobic and aerobic mechanisms of obtaining ATP molecules under the influence of physical exertion. Anaerobic mechanisms for obtaining energy are used for short-term high-intensity loads, and aerobic ones - for long-term low-intensity loads.
After removing the load, the body continues to consume oxygen in excess of the norm for some time. In recent years, the term "excess oxygen consumption after physical exertion" has been used to denote oxygen deficiency.
During the recovery of ATP and creatine phosphate reserves, this level is high, and then begins to decline, and during this period, lactic acid is removed from the muscle tissue. An increase in oxygen consumption and an increase in metabolism is also indicated by the fact of an increase in body temperature.
The longer and more intense the load, the longer the body will need to recover. So when the glycogen stores are completely depleted, their full recovery may take several days. At the same time, the reserves of ATP and creatine phosphate can be restored in a maximum of a couple of hours.
These are the energy processes in the muscle for maximum growth occur under the influence of physical exertion. Understanding this mechanism will make the training even more effective.
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