The principles of diet number 5 for pancreatitis. List of permitted and prohibited products. Examples of daily menus and delicious recipes. Diet number 5 is one of the complex therapy methods necessary to eliminate pancreatitis. Its purpose is to protect the pancreas as much as possible from mechanical and chemical irritation. Thanks to this diet, with a chronic ailment, it is possible to normalize the condition without the use of pharmaceuticals.
Diet rules number 5 for pancreatitis
In case of exacerbation of pancreatitis, the basic principle on the basis of which the daily diet is formed is "hunger, cold and rest." That is, in case of acute pain of the pancreas, patients are advised to completely refuse to eat for 3 days and only then switch to diet table number 5.
The daily ration is calculated according to the following scheme:
- The amount of proteins is from 80 to 120 grams;
- Fat - from 40 to 80 grams;
- Carbohydrates - from 200 to 350 grams.
When drawing up a daily menu immediately after an exacerbation, you need to focus on the lower limit of the nutritional gap, in the remission stage - on the last one.
The nutritional value of the diet is from 1700 to 2500 kcal per day, since the patient needs to fully recover and replenish the reserve of nutrients spent during a long hunger strike.
Diet rules number 5:
- The optimum temperature for food should be 40-55 degrees. Hot or cold food will have to be discarded.
- Reduce the amount of salt - no more than 6 grams per day.
- The dietary regime is fractional: it is recommended to take food 5-7 times a day, in small portions.
- Before use, the products should be chopped: meat and fish are ground into minced meat, vegetables and fruits are brought to the consistency of puree.
- Cooking technology: cooking, steam processing, braising without fat; when expanding diet number five, it will be possible to bake food in foil or parchment to prevent the formation of a golden brown crust.
Expansion of diet number 5 begins not with supplementing the diet with new products, but with changing the processing technique of dishes. Mucous cereals are replaced with ordinary ones, meat and fish - with pieces. Only when the pancreas begins to process such food without problems can the daily menu be expanded, observing the basic principles of nutrition for pancreatitis.
Even a small error in nutrition can lead to a relapse of the disease and a significant deterioration in the condition.
Benefits of diet number 5 for pancreatitis
The main symptom of pancreatitis is pain. It can be localized in the left hypochondrium, in the epigastric region - under the spoon, and also have a shingles in nature. Painful sensations intensify after eating.
The main benefit of the diet of table number 5 is the elimination of excess secretion of enzymes involved in digestion. Food during the therapeutic diet is absorbed in full, the destruction of the enzyme organ does not occur, the inflammatory process can be stopped.
The secretion of bile is normalized, excessive reproduction of the digestive juice of the stomach is eliminated. The intestine begins to work stably, the development of dysbiosis and a violation of the water-electrolyte balance can be prevented. Since diarrhea does not occur, the patient is not at risk of dehydration.
Diet number five has proven useful in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis, cholecystitis, and cirrhosis of the liver before the onset of severe pathology.
Contraindications to the use of diet number 5
Patients will have to abandon the therapeutic diet of table number 5, despite chronic pancreatitis, if concomitant diseases (chronic hepatitis or chronic cholecystitis) have passed from a state of remission to an acute stage.
You can not adhere to this diet for cirrhosis, during which hepatic functions are impaired.
If constipation appears due to a lack of fatty acids, the doctor will recommend a different diet that will simultaneously protect the pancreas from irritation and normalize bowel function.
With severe intestinal pathologies, the presence of diverticulums, oncological processes, polyps, table number 5 will also have to be abandoned.
What you can do with diet number 5
Diet number 5 has nothing to do with fasting. The patient's body receives useful substances, he does not feel hunger. The meals that are included in the daily menu are not only healthy, but also delicious.
Consider the permitted products:
- Dairy products for diet number 5 … Very tasty and healthy dairy products and milk dishes can be added to the diet. The main requirements for them are the absence of pronounced sourness and low fat content. You can use: whole milk, acidophilus, yogurt, kefir, semi-fat cottage cheese, a small amount of sour cream not exceeding 15% fat, unleavened cheese. On the basis of these products, it is possible to prepare various casseroles, lazy dumplings, puddings. You won't have to starve.
- Meat and chicken … With pancreatitis in remission, you can eat any meat with a low percentage of fat and a minimum amount of connective tissue. Chicken fillet is ideal for these conditions, but you can also introduce turkey, rabbit, young veal and lean beef into the diet. Minced meat can be used to make mashed potatoes, meatballs, cutlets, soufflés. When the disease goes into remission, it is allowed to eat meat in a piece.
- A fish … Fish with pancreatitis should not be eaten more than 3 times a week. List of fish that can be included in the diet of table number 5: pike perch, hake, cod, pollock, tuna. Many dishes can be prepared from these varieties - dumplings, cutlets, meatballs. The steamed fish is so tender that it can be served in chunks. At the stage of remission, herring soaked in milk can be introduced into the diet.
- Offal … The choice of offal for pancreatitis is limited to 2 items - milk sausages and doctor's sausage. To avoid deterioration of the condition, by-products are introduced already at the stage of remission, with an expansion of the diet. It is advisable to purchase sausage dishes from reliable manufacturers.
- Fats … Normal metabolic processes in a human body are impossible if the daily diet contains an insufficient amount of fat. To avoid early aging, in case of dysfunction of the pancreas, up to 30 g of butter and up to 15 g of vegetable oil should be included in the daily menu every day. It is advisable to season salads with the latter.
- Vegetables and fruits … It must be said right away that products of this type cannot be introduced raw into the daily menu. Starchy vegetables - cauliflower, carrots, potatoes, pumpkin, squash, beets and fresh green peas - are stewed, boiled and baked. Before using them, you need to bring them to a puree state. After an exacerbation of the disease, only one type of fruit can be consumed - sweet apples, which must be baked beforehand. When pancreatitis goes into remission, you can already try fresh grated apples, raw bananas - no more than 1 time in 2 days. Compotes and mousses, jellies and jelly can be prepared only from sweet and ripe berries and fruits. You can add some sweetener or honey as sweeteners.
- Bakery products … Boiled pasta, gray and rye bread, dry biscuits from 2 grade flour, unsweetened biscuits, biscuits, uncomfortable pies filled with permitted products can be added to the diet that is recommended for pancreatitis. It is advisable to dry the bread or use yesterday's bread. It is better to bake biscuits on your own, with a minimum sugar content.
- Cereals … For the preparation of various dishes, you can use semolina, oatmeal, rice and buckwheat. It is boring to cook only porridge, and even more so to eat, you can diversify the diet with the help of a variety of casseroles, puddings, soufflés.
- Eggs … It is quite difficult to create a culinary masterpiece without eggs, but eggs are not a prohibited product with pancreatitis. You can consume 2 proteins and half the yolk per day. That is, if protein was used when baking a biscuit, then the baking should be distributed over 2 days. A very healthy protein dish that you can afford to eat every day is a steamed protein omelet.
- Condiments and sauces … Since the amount of salt in the daily diet is reduced to 5-6 g per day, patients think about how to add flavor to the dishes. From seasonings, cinnamon, vanillin, dill and parsley are allowed in fresh and dry form. You can season dishes with delicious sauces made from fruits, sour cream and cream, mild soy-based sauce.
- Sweet … Fruit and berry jellies, jam, honey are used as sweets in the therapeutic diet. It is better to dissolve jam and honey in tea or other liquid. You can afford some ready-made sweets - marshmallows, marshmallows, meringue and marmalade. Just do not abuse these products.
What not with diet number 5
The list of prohibited foods for pancreatitis is quite wide. The patient will have to give up alcohol, carbonated drinks, chocolate, cocoa, strong broths - meat, fish, vegetarian, as well as legumes, meat and fish of fatty varieties.
Using lean meat and poultry, you cannot cook kidneys, liver, tongue.
The prohibited type of food includes canned food of any kind - meat, fish, vegetables and fruit, as well as culinary fats, puff and pastry, caviar, fermented baked milk, salted cheeses, onions, chocolate.
Desserts and ice cream, sorrel and white cabbage, cranberries, radishes, radishes, spinach are also prohibited.
In order not to be mistaken, you should remember: it is forbidden to use all foods and seasonings that can stimulate increased secretion of the digestive organs.
Menu for diet number 5 for every day
Soviet nutritionist doctor Pevzner developed an approximate menu for the 5th table for all stages of pancreatitis. Currently, patients are asked to compose their own daily menu based on the products that are available and their own taste preferences. When preparing meals, the age of the patients should also be taken into account: what adults love may not be liked by young children.
Examples of foods for diet number 5 for children
The dishes that are offered to little patients must necessarily be tender and tasty, otherwise they will simply be refused. Children do not understand how important it is to eat every day and eat healthy foods, they ask for sweets, so the menu must be composed so that something delicious is served during each meal.
You can offer young patients options for the following menu for the day:
- Breakfast … Mashed oatmeal porridge with raisins and banana or protein omelet with steamed fish quenels, as a tea drink.
- Lunch … Yesterday's bread sandwich with soft goat cheese, an apple or curd casserole with compote.
- Dinner … Vegetable soup, as an option - lean borscht, vegetable side dish and chicken breast or fish meatballs.
- Afternoon snack … Yogurt, marshmallows, candy or biscuits.
- Dinner … Stewed vegetables with fish, vegetable meatballs.
Before going to bed, it is advisable to give the child half a glass of kefir to drink.
The protein omelet is very easy to make. First you need to make a tin foil mold and prepare a steam bath or place it in a double boiler. While the steamer is heating, beat 2 egg whites with 2 dessert spoons of milk, adding grated cheese to the mixture - about a teaspoon. The mold is greased with butter, the whipped protein is poured into it, and they are waiting for the omelet to rise. No salt is needed, the cheese is salty enough to give the dish the flavor it needs.
Another tasty and healthy dish is minced chicken soufflé. In a blender, beat about 100 g of meat, 2 tablespoons of milk, egg white and a little flour to get a puree-like consistency, a drop of salt. They bake according to the already described scheme - steamed or in the oven, covering the foil mold with a lid of the same material.
Menu for diet number 5 for adults
Menus for adults should be designed as carefully as for children, but since adults understand that it is necessary to eat regularly, you can think less about variety.
Menu for diet number 5 for adults:
- Breakfast … Any porridge with bread and a small piece of butter or a steam omelet, a little cheese, tea.
- Lunch … Baked apple, slightly boiled pear, grated carrot soufflé.
- Dinner … Vegetable or rice soup, boiled turkey fillet or noodle with chicken meat, jelly from sweet berries or fruits.
- Afternoon snack … A choice of uzvar with dried biscuit, cottage cheese, yogurt.
- Dinner … Zucchini or potato puree, fish stew, steamed cutlets, tea or compote. Before going to bed, kefir.
Cauliflower casserole can be made for people of all ages. Cabbage is steamed, crushed, mixed with egg white, cottage cheese and milk, slightly salted.
Dried fruit soup recipe: two glasses of chopped dried fruits, the same amount of cauliflower, grated carrots - 2 pieces, a tablespoon of vegetable oil. All ingredients, except for dried fruits, are stewed in oil almost until tender, dried fruits are boiled until soft. Then the vegetables are added to a container with dried fruits and everything is cooked until fully cooked. Salt if necessary.
Recipes for the diet number 5 for seniors
The daily menu of older people with pancreatitis may include the same dishes as in children and adults, but a similar history should always be considered. In addition, in older people, the metabolism is slow, and a tendency to constipation is often formed. This should be remembered when completing individual dishes.
The following recipes for diet number 5 do not include foods that have a strengthening effect:
- Lean chicken soup … 200 g of chicken breast is boiled and removed from the broth, and separately cooked grated carrots, 2-3 finely chopped potatoes, a small onion and salt until tender. The vegetable broth should not be saturated. After the vegetables are almost boiled, chicken is spread in them, cut into small pieces, and allowed to boil. Then the soup is grinded with a blender, adding a teaspoon of sour cream.
- Lazy dumplings … The dough is kneaded from 400 g of cottage cheese, one protein and half of the yolk, a tablespoon of sugar, half a glass of flour. When the dough almost ceases to stick to your hands, it is rolled into a sausage, cut into equal pieces and dipped in hot salted water. As soon as the dumplings float, you can turn them off. Delicious, fast, and easy to chew, even with dental problems.
- Soup-puree … Can be entered in the menu for both the elderly and children. Boil 250 g of cauliflower, disassembled into inflorescences, and zucchini zucchini. When the vegetables are cooked, they are removed from the vegetable broth, whipped with a blender and brought to a boil in the broth again. At this time, milk with whipped protein is poured into the pan, constantly stirring, and as soon as the first "gurgles" appear, turn it off. Add oil before serving.
The obligatory glass of kefir before bedtime can be replaced with rosehip broth with dried biscuit or herbal tea.
The diet of table number 5 can be made so varied that you can eat in this way for a long time without experiencing any discomfort.
What can you do with diet number 5 - watch the video:
The diet recommended to stabilize the general condition of pancreatitis can be used for weight loss. In this case, you need to adhere to the energy value of the daily menu - 1500-1700 kcal.
