Features of the flywheel: useful properties, composition and calorie content, contraindications to use. Cooking methods and the most amazing facts about mushrooms.
The flywheel is a mushroom that belongs to the Tubular genus, the Boletovye family. It has a dry and velvety cap that becomes sticky in wet weather. Over time, the skin may crack. In most mushrooms, the flesh often turns blue at the cut, although it is usually white or yellow in color. The leg can be different: both smooth and wrinkled, but the ring and the Volvo are absent. The spore powder is often deep brown in color. On the territory of the post-Soviet space, 7 species of mosshogs grow, and there are 18 of them in the world. Most often they can be seen in the temperate climatic zone of both hemispheres.
How to distinguish a false flywheel from an edible?
Pictured is a red flywheel
There are about 18 species of flyworms, so it is very difficult to determine its type. An adult strong mushroom looks like a boletus, and a young one is often confused with a boletus. Fortunately, it does not have poisonous counterparts, which pose a danger to humans, however, with some false mushrooms, flyworms still have a certain similarity.
The main difference between a real flywheel and false counterparts is in the places of growth. The first one predominantly lives in forests, on ravine slopes, on stumps and fallen trees among the moss, and therefore received the corresponding name. It can grow under conifers and deciduous trees.
You can distinguish a real flywheel from a false one by its appearance. The diameter of the cap, as a rule, does not exceed 10 cm. The pulp has a yellow tint on the cut, but upon contact with air it quickly turns blue. If you press on the tubular surface, a bluish mark also remains.
Nevertheless, despite such peculiar features, some mushroom pickers confuse edible mushrooms with false ones. These include:
Parasitic flywheel
Similar to a green flywheel, but smaller. The diameter of the cap does not exceed 5 cm, while the edible representatives of the mushroom kingdom are larger and reach 10 cm.
The parasitic flyworm loves drought, dry places and sandy soil, it is found mainly in areas where false raincoat mushrooms grow: it prefers to settle on their fruit bodies, absorbing nutrients, hence the name.
Surprisingly, parasitic flywheel is a completely edible mushroom, however, due to its unpleasant taste, it is not used in food. There is no bright mushroom smell.
Gyroporus chestnut
A distinctive feature of the mushroom is a red-brown cap, on which cracks appear in hot weather. Knowing that its yellowish cut does not turn blue in the air, you can distinguish a false flywheel from an edible one.
Chestnut gyroporus is also not poisonous, however, as a result of heat treatment, it becomes very bitter, and therefore unsuitable for human consumption. The bitterness disappears as a result of drying, so the mushroom is often harvested in this way.
Gall mushroom
Its dimensions exceed the standard for real mushrooms - up to 15 cm. The flesh is white, never worms, and turns red upon contact with air.
The favorite habitat of the false flyworm is coniferous forests, where acidic fertile soil prevails. Most often it can be found at the base of trees or on rotten stumps and their remains.
This is a very bitter mushroom, which is why it got its second name - gorchak. Interestingly, heat treatment only enhances the bitterness. To get rid of it, it is customary to pre-soak the gall fungus in salt water, and then cook.
Pepper boletus
They are smaller in comparison with a real flywheel - up to 7 cm. Unlike an edible oil can, the skin cannot be removed from the cap, although it is also sticky and shiny. The mushroom prefers pine forests, less often it can be found in spruce forests.
Pepper moss gets its name from its characteristic spicy peppery taste. Sometimes it is even used in cooking instead of pepper! Bitterness is less pronounced than that of a gall fungus; it can be completely eliminated only by prolonged heat treatment.
Note! False flyworms are not poisonous, they cannot be poisoned. However, their low palatability and bitter taste still make them inedible.
The composition and calorie content of the flywheel
Mosswheel is classified as a first-class mushroom due to its healing properties, a large amount of macro-, microelements and vitamins. It is included in a narrow range of products that contain vitamin A.
The calorie content of the flywheel per 100 g of the product is 19 kcal, of which:
- Proteins - 2.5 g;
- Fat - 0.7 g;
- Carbohydrates - 1, 3 g.
Features of the flywheel composition:
- Nature has not deprived this mushroom with vitamins, namely A, B2, B5, B6, B9, D, K, PP, which determines its similarity to cereals.
- The flywheel contains extractive elements, various enzymes, essential oils, ash, useful sugars and dietary fiber.
- It contains a huge amount of protein, is highly digestible, so it can be safely equated to meat in these characteristics.
- Chitin is practically absent in the flywheel.
- It takes not the last place in the presence of molybdenum, which in turn stabilizes the thyroid gland.
- Boiled flywheels contain large amounts of zinc and copper.
If you include a flywheel in your diet, you will not regret it, since it contains all the existing amino acids and vitamins, micro- and macroelements. And they will stimulate cell renewal and rejuvenate your body.
Useful properties of a flywheel
This mushroom is distinguished not only by its high yield, but also by its healing properties and amazing composition, which has a beneficial effect on the body. It is an excellent alternative to red meat due to its impressive amount of amino acids. For this, it is highly regarded by vegetarians and fasting people.
This mushroom has a beneficial effect on the body:
- Natural antibiotic … The flywheel is strong in the treatment of many inflammatory processes, since it contains a large amount of various vitamins and such a trace element as calcium.
- Low calorie content … People on a diet really appreciate the low calorie content of this mushroom and its ability to quickly saturate the body. Therefore, mushrooms are widely used in dietetics.
- Easy assimilation by the body … Due to the content in it of a significant amount of extractive substances (give the mushrooms a peculiar taste and smell), enzymes, essential oils, mushrooms are digested quickly and without problems.
- Promotes better vision … The presence of vitamins in these mushrooms, in particular vitamin B2, improves the functioning of the human visual apparatus.
- Strengthening the integumentary system … Due to the impressive amount of beneficial vitamins and amino acids contained in the flywheels, hair, skin and nails are protected.
- Sedative properties … Due to the presence of B vitamins in the flywheels, the nerve cells of the body are renewed, which contributes to the good performance of a person.
- Great tool for losing weight … For people suffering from obesity, this mushroom will give a positive result in terms of getting rid of excess weight. Nutritionists often recommend it to those who dream of burning unwanted calories.
- The presence of useful trace elements … The minerals contained in the flywheels, such as zinc, copper, iron, have a beneficial effect on the general condition of the body.
- Reducing the risk of developing atherosclerosis … The vitamins present in these mushrooms reduce the possibility of memory impairment and improve mental performance.
- Ridding the body of toxins … The presence of such a component as chitin in the flywheels helps to remove harmful substances from the body. These are both toxic elements and heavy metal salts. The mushroom is an excellent natural antioxidant.
- Body toning agent … The flywheel acts as a universal remedy to support the body, it will help to nullify the negative influence of harmful bacteria.
Given the special composition of mushrooms, in particular the presence of difficult-to-digest amino acids, the benefits of the flywheel, nutritionists recommend that they be regularly added to their daily menu. The meals with this product present in the diet will help not only renew the body, but also improve digestion. The substances in the flywheels will help to improve the functioning of the brain, memory and relieve fatigue.
Harm and contraindications to the use of a flywheel
If you suffer from allergic diseases or have a tendency to them, then you should be careful when choosing dishes with mushrooms for yourself, mushrooms in this case are no exception.
People who have problems with the gastrointestinal tract should beware of the regular use of mushrooms. Children should not often include mushrooms in their diet. Babies under 3 years old are strictly forbidden to eat them, they are contraindicated for them.
Fans of "quiet hunting" near the slopes, major events, near the roads should be reminded that such a rash desire can have bad consequences. These mushrooms have the ability to accumulate harmful substances.
Some features to consider when using mushrooms:
- Adversely affect the work of the gastrointestinal tract … Since mushrooms are still heavy food, doctors do not advise people with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract to use them. If you have a desire to feast on fragrant mushrooms, grind them well during cooking.
- Liver disease … Due to their difficult assimilation by the body, the liver spends a huge amount of energy, as a result of which its work deteriorates.
- Individual intolerance … People prone to allergies should not get carried away with flywheels. If you have an intolerance to certain substances, as well as a tendency to indigestion, give up this delicacy.
- Urolithiasis disease … If you have problems urinating, there are pain in the kidneys, and there is sand and blood in the urine, it is necessary to remove mushrooms from the diet.
Flywheels, like most mushrooms, cannot be attributed to the most useful and dietary products. There are reasons for this: poor digestibility, the ability to accumulate harmful substances, the ability to be confused with poisonous to collect. Nutritionists recommend that adults limit the consumption of mushrooms, and children completely exclude them from the diet.
Mushroom recipes
Despite the fact that mushrooms are little-known mushrooms, they occupy a special place in cooking. Their external resemblance to boletus often misleads fans of "quiet hunting", who do not even know what kind of mushroom they are dealing with. But whoever has tasted their taste at least once will never refuse.
Flywheels are premium mushrooms and can be cooked in a variety of ways: dry, boil, pickle, fry. The first of these methods is one of the most popular. But remember about the recommendation regarding their undesirable cooking with light mushrooms, since the dish acquires a rich dark color in this case and does not look aesthetically appetizing, although the taste does not deteriorate.
Here are the most interesting, easy-to-prepare dishes:
- Stewed mushrooms … Even the most inventive gourmets will be surprised at how easy and simple this dish is to prepare, for which you will need to boil pre-prepared mushrooms (most conveniently in a cauldron) for 2 hours and then fry them in vegetable oil. After a while, you need to fill them with water and put a little sour cream (200 g). After all the water has evaporated and the sauce becomes thick, you can serve the mushrooms on the table. Bon Appetit!
- Classic soup … This first course has beneficial properties for the body and has excellent taste. This soup is nutritious and low in calories. To prepare it, you need to chop and fry the mushrooms in butter and put them in a saucepan, and then pour water. Next, peel and chop the potatoes, put them in the previously prepared broth with mushrooms. Add parsley root, onions and carrots saved in butter to the soup. Do not forget to pepper to your liking and cook for another half hour until the potatoes are cooked. Before you please your loved ones with this dish, decorate it with sour cream.
- Pork with mushrooms … This recipe will come in handy for any housewife, both for a festive table and for a daily meal. You will need clay pots. They need to put pork ribs (1 kg), which must be thoroughly washed. Add onions, mushrooms there and put seasonings to taste, do not forget about cloves for a piquant taste. Next, close the lids and extinguish for an hour. Enjoy!
- Autumn salad … To prepare this light dish, you need to boil the potatoes in their uniforms and chop, then chop the apples, pickled mushrooms and ham (150 g). Mix all of the above ingredients and add celery, parsley there and season with sauce to taste. Let it brew and you can try.
- Jellied turkey … For this exquisite dish, you need to boil fresh mushrooms and fill them with water, then let this broth cool and add gelatin to thicken (2 tablespoons per 1 glass of broth). After the gelatin swells, bring the soup to a boil. With this mixture, fill in the prepared molds, with turkey meat and herbs at the bottom, as well as mushrooms. We put the molds in the refrigerator and wait a couple of hours. And you can delight your guests with such an interesting and delicious cold snack.
- Cheesecakes … For this hearty dish, you first need to make a yeast dough. It will require half a liter of milk, 100 grams of butter, 2 eggs, 1 bag of dry yeast and 1 kg of flour. Mix all this, let the dough rise, put on the table, sprinkled with flour. Then divide it into small cam-sized pieces. Make a depression in each part and fill with the filling, which consists of mashed potatoes mixed with boiled mushrooms. Spread the egg over the cheesecakes and place them on a greased baking sheet. Sometimes you can pamper yourself and loved ones with such a not entirely low-calorie, but delicious dish.
Interesting facts about the flywheel
These mushrooms are little known for lovers of "quiet hunting", and only true gourmets know and appreciate them for their taste and useful properties. Flywheels conceal a lot of secrets: from their habitat to cooking methods.
They can grow in the temperate zone of both hemispheres, there are about 18 subspecies. There are 7 species in Russia and the countries of the post-Soviet space. The most common of them are: porous boletus, yellow-brown oil can, velvet, woody, green, chestnut, red, Moravian, parasitic, variegated moss.
Most often, mushrooms can be found in coniferous and deciduous forests. In addition, these mushrooms can be grown in artificial conditions - they do well in laboratories.
These mushrooms externally resemble boletus and boletus, but the dry surface of the cap immediately gives out a flywheel. The Volvo and the ring are missing. Please note that they do not have poisonous counterparts.
Watch the video about the flywheel:
Mokhoviks, although they are not popular and well-known among mushroom pickers, have already become favorites among real gourmets. For their useful properties and piquant taste in dishes, they are appreciated by those who have tried them once. You can do whatever you want with them: pickle, fry, boil, dry, they are compatible with almost every product, which can please housewives. Therefore, we advise you not to pass by and pay attention to these handsome men.
